2011年5月北京成人学位英语考试真题及答案（阅读理解）

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2011年5月北京成人学位英语考试真题及答案（阅读理解）

Part I Reading Comprehension Directions: There are three passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet.

Spending 50 minutes with a cell phone close to your ear is enough to change brain cell activity in the part of the brain closest to the antenna (天线).But whether that causes any harm is not clear, scientists at the National Institute of Health said at a conference last month, adding that the study will not likely settle concerns of a link between cell phones and brain cancer."What we showed is glucose(葡萄糖) metabolism(代谢) (a sign of brain activity) increases in the brain in people who were exposed to a cell phone in the area closest to the antenna," said Dr.Nora Volkow of the NIH, whose study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.(76) The study was meant to examine how the brain reacts to electromagnetic fields caused

by wireless phone signals.

Volkow said she was surprised that the weak electromagnetic radiation(电磁辐射) from cell

phones could affect brain activity, but she said the findings do not shed any light on whether cell

phones cause cancer."This study does not in any way indicate that.What the study does is to show the human brain is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation from cell phone exposures." Use of the devices has increased dramatically since they were introduced in the early 1980s, with about 5 billion cell phones now in use worldwide.

Some studies have linked cell phone exposure to an increased risk of brain cancers, but a large study by the World Health Organization did not offer a clear answer to this.Volkow' s team studied 47 people who had their brain examined while a cell phone was turned on for 50 minutes and another while the phone was turned off.While there was no complete change in brain metabolism,

they found a 7 percent increase in brain metabolism in the region closest to the cell phone antenna

when the phone was on.

(77) Experts said the results were interesting, but urged that they be understood with great care." Although the biological significance, if any, of increased glucose metabolism from too much cell phone exposure is unknown, the results require further investigation," Henry Lai of the

University of Washington in the U.S.and Dr.Lennart Hardell of University Hospital in Sweden,wrote in an article in JAMA."Much has to be done to further investigate and understand these effects." They wrote.

第1题 According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A.Cell phone use is dangerous.

B.Cell phone use causes cancer.

C.The human brain is an electromagnetic field.

D.There are about 5 billion cell phone users in the world right now.

答案：D

第2题 Doctor Volkow was astonished because_______.

A.her research has shed light on her understanding of cell phone

B.she found that cell phone exposure is harmful to human brain

C.she found that using a cell phone for about 50 minutes could influence or change brain activity

D.human brain is not responsive to electromagnetic radiation

答案：C

第3题 According to the passage, cell phones were launched_______.

A.in the late 1970s B.between 1980 and 1985

C.in the late 1980s D.in the early 1990s

答案：B

第4题 What does the word "that" stand for in the second paragraph?

A.Brain activity. B.Her research findings.

C.The fact that cell phone use may cause cancer. D.Her research progress.

答案：C

第5题 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A.Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Harmful?

B.Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Useful?

C.Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Healthy?

D.Cell Phone Radiation: Is It Weak?

答案：A

Human beings have always had an ability to attend to several things at once.(78) Nor is electronic multitasking entirely new: We' ve been driving while listening to car radios since they be came popular in the 1930s.But there is no doubt that multitasking has reached a kind of warp speed in the era of Web-enabled computers, when it has become routine to conduct several IM (即时通讯) conversations, watch TV and use the computer all at once.

But what' s the impact of this media consumption? And how are these multitasking devices changing how kids learn, reason and communicate with one another? Social scientists and educators are just beginning to deal with these questions, but the researchers already have some strong opinions.

(79) Although multitasking kids may be better prepared in some ways for today' s fast-paced work places, many scientists are positively alarmed by the trend.Kids that are instant messaging while doing homework, playing games online and watching TV, aren' t going to do well in the long run.

On the positive side, multitasking students tend to be extraordinarily good at finding and using information.And probably because modern childhood centers around visual (视觉的) rather than

print media, they are especially skilled at analyzing visual data and images.

Many educators and psychologists say parents need to actively ensure that their teenagers break free of uncontrollable engagement with screens and spend time in the physical company of human

beings--a growing challenge not just because technology offers such a handy option but because so many kids lead highly scheduled lives that leave little time for old-fashioned socializing and family meals.Indeed, many teenagers and college students say overcommitted (任务过量的)schedules drives much of their multitasking.

Just as important is for parents and educator to teach kids that it' s valuable, even essential, to occasionally slow down, unplugs and take time to enjoy life beyond the screen.

第6题 What is the main idea of this passage?

A.How is multitasking define(定义)in the information age?

B.How do people see new technology and the social change it brings about?

C.How does technology change modern family fife?

D.What' s the impact of multitasking on young people?

答案：D

第7题 The expression "warp speed" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.

A.low speed B.too much time alone C.high speed D.steady speed

答案：C

第8题 According to some teenagers and college students, what causes their multitasking?

A.Overcommitted schedules. B.Too much time alone.

C.Inability to focus. D.Fear of being neglected.

答案：A

第9题 According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?

A.Humans have begun to engage in the multitasking behaviors since the information age.

B.Multitasking is a critical skill that students are required to learn at school.

C.Only parents can help their kids to get rid of the multitasking habits.

D.multitasking may prepare students for the reality of today' s fast-paces work environment.

答案：D

第10题 What do educators and psychologist advise parents to do with their multitasking kids?

A.To cut off home internet connection.

B.To seek medical treatment.

C.To encourage their kids to have some social life.

D.To help their kids to set personal goals

答案：C

The nuclear power emergency at a Japanese atomic power plant last March could lead to a major re-examination in European countries that are already building such plants or are considering a shift from fossil(化石) fuels to nuclear energy to fight climate change.With the terrible accident25 years ago in Chemobyl(切尔诺贝利) beginning to fade in European Memories, governments across Europe have grown more open to using more nuclear power.Enthusiasm for nuclear power

is particularly strong in Eastern Europe, which wants to move away from dependence on Russian oil and natural gas, and on heavily polluting coal-fired power plants.Eastern governments have begun improving existing nuclear plants or are building or planning new ones.But as Japan struggled to deal with her nuclear crises, discussion about the good and the bad of nuclear power became heated.

(80) In Germany, nuclear power has been a repeatedly argued and widely felt issue for decades.Up to 70 percent of Germans oppose nuclear power.Recently about 40,000 people turned out to form a human chain near a nuclear plant to protest government policies on nuclear power.

"The accident in Japan could lead to a major rethink in Europe," said Henrik Paulitz of the Inter-national Doctors for the Prevention of Nuclear War."Governments have not been quite open about the safety levels of the nuclear power plants."

Chancellor(总理) Angela Merkel heads a center-right unity government that supports the use of nuclear power.Her government recently made a disputed decision to extend the life of the country's 17 nuclear power plants by an average of 12 years.She will now face more pressure to change that policy.She called an emergency meeting with her senior ministers."We know how safe our plants are and that we do not face a threat from such a serious earthquake or violent tidal wave," Mrs.Merkel said after the meeting."We will learn what we can from the events in Japan.

第11题 According to the passage, which of the following about Europe is TRUE?

A.It is dependent on Russia for gas and oil.

B.It has put an end to fossil fuels.

C.It had a major nuclear accident this year.

D.It is likely that they would rethink their nuclear power policies.

答案：D

第12题 According to the passage, all the following statements about Eastern Europe are true EXCEPT_______.

A.they are eager to build new nuclear power plants

B.they have totally forgotten the Chernobyl accident 25 years ago

C.they have improved their nuclear power plants

D.they want energy independence

答案：B

第13题 In the second paragraph, the author mainly discusses_______.

A.the nuclear accidents in Japan last March

B.nuclear power policies in Germany

C.German attitude towards nuclear power

D.the safety levels of nuclear power plants in Germany

答案：C

第14题 The word "heads" in the third paragraph can be best replaced by_______.

A.leads B.tops C.minds D.arms

答案：A

第15题 Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A.Japan' s Nuclear Crisis Causes Fear in Europe.

B.The Chernobyl Disaster Helps Europe Better Understand Nuclear Power Energy.

C.German Governments Supports Nuclear Power Energy.

D.Germany Has Learnt a Lesson From Japan.

答案：A

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