2020甘肃学位英语考试模拟试题及答案（阅读理解1）

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2020年甘肃成人学位英语考试模拟试题及答案（阅读理解1）

Perhaps the most startling theory to come out of kinetics, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed. In other words, we learn our looks-we are not born with them. A baby has generally unformed facial features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around-family and friends. This helps explain why the people of some regions of the United States look so much alike. New Englanders or Southerners have certain common facial characteristics that cannot be explained by genetics. The exact shape of the mouth is not set as birth, it is learned after. In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after permanent teeth are set. For many, this can be well into adolescence. A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike. We learn our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas. In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where the people smile most frequently. In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York state still less. Many Southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenus smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta, Georgia. People in densely populated urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than people do in rural areas and small towns.

1. Ray Birdwhistell believes that physical appearance ______.

A. has little to do with culture

B. can be influenced by culture

C. is ever changing

D. varies from place to place

2. According to the passage, the final mouth shape is formed ______.

A. before birth

B. as soon as one‘s teeth are permanently set

C. sometime after permanent teeth are set

D. around 15 years old

3.Ray Birdwhistell can tell what region of the United States a person is from by ______.

A. how much he or she laughs

B. how he or she raises his or her eyebrows

C. what he or she likes best

D. the way he or she talks

4. People who live ______ are more friendly.

A. in densely populated areas

B. in the country

C. in New York city

D. in the North

5. This passage might have been taken out of a book dealing with _____.

A. physics

B. biology

C. chemistry

D. none of the above

Where do pesticides(杀虫剂)fit into the picture of environmental disease?We have seen that they now pollute soil,water,and food,that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man,however much he may like to pretend the contrary,is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?

We know that even single exposures to these chemicals,if the amount is large enough,can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers,farm workers,and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole,we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.

Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time,and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. “Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs，” says a wise physician,Dr.Rene Dubos,“yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed.”

6.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence “Man,…… is part of nature.”(Line 3,Para.1)?

A. Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.

B. Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.

C. Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.

D. Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.

7.What is the author‘s attitude towards the environmental effects of pesticides?

A. Pessimistic.

B. Indifferent.

C. Defensive.

D. Concerned.

8.In the author‘s view,the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides_____.

A. is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides

B. now occurs most frequently among all accidental deaths

C. has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention

D. is unavoidable because people can‘t do without pesticides in farming

9.People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because ______.

A. limited exposure to them does little harm to people‘s health

B. the present is more important for them than the future

C. the danger does not become apparent immediately

D. humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning

10.It can be concluded from Dr.Dubos‘remarks that _____.

A. people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with

B. attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal

C. diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure

D. people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides

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