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2020年陕西成人学位英语考试冲刺试题及答案(阅读理解2)
Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services. People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of others they need or want. When they work,they usually get paid in money.
Most of the money today is made of metal or paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells.
Shells were not the only things used as money. In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money. In some parts of Africa, cattle were one of the earliest kinds of money. Other animals were used as money, too.
The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the cen-ter. People strung them together and carried them from place to place.
Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. The first coins in England were made of tin. Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money. Later, other countries began to make coins of gold and silver.
But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. (80)The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than paper moneused toda.
Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.
1. Which of the following can be cited as an example of the use of money in exchange for serv- ices?
A. To sell a bicycle for $20.
B. To get some money for old books at a garage sale.
C. To buy things you need or want.
D. To get paid for your work.
2. Where were shells used as money in history?
A. In the Philippines.
B. In China.
C. In Africa.
D. We don't know.
3. Why, according to the passage, did ancient Chinese coins have a square hole in the center?
A. Because it would be easier to put them together and carry them around.
B. Because it would be lighter for people to carry them from place to place.
C. Because people wanted to make it look nicer.
D. Because people wanted to save the expensive metal they were made from.
4. Why does the author say that even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy some- thing expensive?
A. Because they are easy to steal.
B. Because they are difficult for people to obtain.
C. Because they are not easy to carry around.
D. Because they themselves are expensive, too.
5. Which do you choose as the best title for this passage?
A. Money and Its Uses
B. Different Things Used as Money
C. Different Countries, Different Money
D. The History of Money
No country in the world has more daily newspapers than the USA. There are almost 2,000 of them, as compared with 180 in Japan, 164 in Argentina and 111 in Britain. The quality of some American papers is extremely high and their views are quoted all over the world. Distinguished dai-lies like the Washington Post or the New York Times have a powerful influence all over the country.
However, the Post and the Times are not national newspapers in the sense that The Times is in Britain or LeMonde is in France, since each American city has its own daily newspaper. The best of these present detailed accounts of national and international news, but many tend to limit them-selves to state or cite news.
Like the press in most other countries, American newspapers range from the "sensational",which feature crime, sex and rumor, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events. But with few exceptions American newspapers try to entertain as well as give in-formation, for they have to compete with television.
Just as American newspapers give way to all tastes, so do they also try and apply to readers for all political persuasions. (80) A few newspapers support extremist gr_roups on the far right and on the far left, but most daily news papers attempt to attract middle-of-the-road Americans who are essentially moderate. Many of these papers print columns by well-known journalists of different po-litical and social views, in order to present a balanced picture.
As in other democratic countries American newspapers can be either responsible or irresponsi- ble, but it is generally accepted that the American press serves its country well and that it has more than once bravely uncovered political scandals (丑闻) or crimes, for instance, the Watergate Af- fair. The newspapers drew the attention of the public to the fears of the Vietnam War.
6. There are fewer national newspapers in __________.
A. Britain than in the USA
B. France than in Britain
C. the USA than in Britain or France
D. France than in the USA or Britain
7. Most American newspapers try to entertain their readers because__________.
A. they have to keep up a good relation with them
B. they have to compete with television
C. they have to write about crime, sex and rumor
D. they have to give factual news in an interesting way
8. Many American newspapers attract readers of different political tendency by__________.
A. supporting extremist groups from time to time
B. inviting middle-of-the-road Americans to write articles for them
C. avoiding carrying articles about extremists
D. printing articles representing different political viewpoints
9. In this passage, the word "press" (Para. 2) means__________.
A. a machine for printing
B. the business of printing
C. great force
D. newspapers
10. The passage is mainly about__________.
A. the characteristics of American newspapers
B. thc development of American newspapers
C. the functions of American newspapers
D. the merits and shortcomings of American newspapers
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